Riveting device



March 7, 1944. c. w. CHERRY RIVETING DEVICE Filed Aug. 3, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. 7 6m n/ C R v ATTORNEY.

7, 1944. c, CHERRY RIVETING DEVICE Filed Aug. 5, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. (4E6 M CHER/2f ATTORNEY. I

Patented Mar. 7, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC RIVETIN G DEVICE Carl W. Cherry, Carmel, Calif. Application August 3, 1940, Serial No. 351,279

6 Claims.

This invention relates toa riveting apparatus.

An advantage of this riveting apparatus is that it is easily handled while it carries and holds the rivet in operative position during the insertion of the rivet into the object to be riveted as well as during the riveting operation. This riveting apparatus is particularly adapted for use in con nection with rivet assemblies adapted for riveting from one side only of the objects to be secured together, such a rivet assembly being shown in my Letters Patent No. 2,183,543, wherein the rivet assembly includes a tail former so arranged in a hollow rivet that the rivetis secured in place by exerting pressure on the head of the rivet and an opposite pull on the tail former for forming the rivet tail against the objects to be riveted.

An object of this invention is to provide a riveting apparatus in which a rivet assembly can be carried and held in operative position and placedinto the rivet holes and which has a compact mechanism therein for transmitting power for the riveting operation at a desired angle relatively tothe axis of the apparatus.

Another object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for transmitting the power from a reciprocating element to a riveting apparatus at a desired angle relatively to the axis of reciprocation and with a predetermined stroke and in-- creased force.

Another object of this invention is to provide a riveting apparatus wherein the riveting force is'transmitted to the riveting elements of the apparatus by a firmly fulcrumed transmission mechanism and by means to convert the reciproeating movement into suitable oscillation of the fulcrumed transmission mechanism wherein said converting means are utilized to increase the applied power.

Another object of this invention is to provide a riveting apparatus which is highly useful and simple in construction. Convenience of arrangement, lightness and comparative 'inexpense of manufacture are further objects whichhave been borne in mind in the production and development of'the invention.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention hereinafter disclosed may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The invention 'is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

. anism in the handle I1.

V inder 18 in which Fig. 1 is a partly sectional side view of the riveting apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention. I

Fig. 2 is an end view of the control valve of the riveting apparatus in the handle, the casing of the handle being cut away.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken through the lines 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an end view of of the riveting tool.

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail view through the pressure and pulling members of the riveting tool of the apparatus, the section being taken through the lines 5-5 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section view of the riveting tool of the apparatus.

Fig. 7 is a partly sectional view of modified embodiment of the riveting apparatus.

Fig. 8.is a partly sectional view of said modifled embodiment of the riveting apparatus showthe pressure member ing it at the completion of the riveting stroke,

and

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the modified riveting apparatus taken through the lines' 9-9 of Fig. 7.

In its general organization my invention includes a power transmitting mechanism, or a so-called riveting gun l5, means for carrying and holding the rivets and exerting riveting force on the rivets, namely the riveting tool or riveting head I6, and a handle or gripportlon l1 containing the controls for the operation of the device.

The riveting gun l5 includes a casing or a cylworks a piston l9 toward and away from anend wall 2| of the cylinder. A port 22 in the end wall 21 haust port for the cylinder [8. -A conduit 20 communicates the port 22 with the control mech- Power is transmitted from the piston l9 to the reveting head l6 through a transmission mechanism within the cylinder i8 disposed between the piston l9 and the riveting end 23 of the cylinder l8. A bell crank frame-24 is fulcrumed around a pivot 26 transversely of the cylinder l8. In the form illustrated in Fig. 1 this bell crank frame 24 is constructed of a pair of parallel and spaced substantially triangular discs 21 so as to form a pair of lever arms substantially at right angles to each other extending from the pivot 26 to the respective ends of the discs 21. The parallel discs 21 are connected to each other at their serves as intake and expoint of the periphery of the guide ends nearest to the piston is rotatable a rol1er'29 in the space between the discs 21. The other ends of the discs 21 have notches 3| so arranged as to connect to the pulling parts of the riveting head "5. a

A guide bracket 32 extends from the riveting end 23 of the cylinder l8 between the discs 21 and. toward the piston IS. The guide bracket 32 has a guide roller 33 thereon opposite to and spaced from the initial position of the roller 29. A wedge-like projection 34 extends from the back of the piston l9 to between the rollers 29 and 33 I9 by a pin 28 on which pulling bar 46 is hollow and has a pulling head.

so that the tapering edges of the projection 34 contact the rollers 29 and 33 and force the oscillating roller 29 away from the guide roller 33. The wedge-like projection 34 is a substantially flat rigid piece of material preferably integrally united with the piston I9. The upper edge 36 is substantially parallel with the axis of reciprocation and is in alignment with the lowermost roller 33 so that it moves linearly. The lower or tapering edge 31 of the projection 34 bears against the oscillating roller 26 so as to push the latter away from the guide roller 33 when advanced by the piston I9. The upper guide roller 33 prevents the tilting of the projection 34 upwardly under the forces exerted by and upon the tapering edge 31 of said wedge-like projection 34. The guide bracket 32 functions as a backing element for guiding the projection 34 on a straight linear path. The guide bracket 32 has side pieces inclosing a guide recess 38, as shown in Fig. 3. which pieces fit against the sides of the wedgelike projection 34 so as to prevent the twisting or turning of the projection 34.

As the oscillating roller 29 is forced away from the guide roller 33 it rocks the bell crank frame 24 around its fulcrum 26 so as to move the notched end of the bell crank frame 24 substantially opposite to the movement of the head I6. In order to counteract binding action on the piston I9 a pair of rods 39 are extended from the piston l9 so as to telescope into tubular guides 4| which latter fixedly extend from the riveting end 23 on opposite sides of the bell crank frame 24. A coil spring 42 around each of said tubular guides 4| bears at one end against the.

riveting end 23 of the cylinder l8 and at the other end against the back of the piston l9 so as to normally urge the piston l9 back to its initial position as shown in Fig. 1. During the power stroke of the piston I9 the wedge-like projection 34 oscillates the bell crank frame 24 inone direction to return stroke the bell crank frame 24 is rocked back to its original initial position by the force of'spring 64 on the riveting tool proper. The power is increased and the stroke is reduced when the linear stroke of the piston I9 is converted into oscillation of the bell crank frame 24 by the coaction of the wedge edge 37 of the pro- :iection 34 and the rivet assembly in a position ready for riveting so I that the rivet is carried.- by the riveting head l6 to the object to be riveted and inserted into the rivet hole from one side of said object. A sleeve piston l9 and thus exert the riveting force in the riveting exert the riveting pull, and during the 43 is secured to the riveting end wall 23 of the cylinder l8. This sleeve 43 in the illustration shown in Fig. 1 extends substantially parallel with the axis of the cylinder l8 but is ofiset to one side relative to said axis. A hole 44 in the riveting end wall 23 of the cylinder I8 is axially aligned with the hollow interior of the sleeve 43. Inside said sleeve 43 reciprocates a pulling bar 46. On the end of the sleeve 43 is formed a pressure head 41 adapted to be head of the rivet assembly. The outer end of the or engagement head 48 for engaging the end of the tail former of the rivet assembly. Such a rivet assembly is shown in broken lines in Fig. 6 wherein the hollow rivet body 49 has a rivet head 5| on one end thereof, and has a tail former 52 opposite its tail end. The tail former has a stem 53 extended through the hollow rivet body 49. In this form the stem 53 has an engagement portion 64 thereon for engagement by the pulling head 46 of the pulling bar 46. It is to be noted that the initial spacing between the pressure head 4! and the pulling head 48 is the same as the spacing between the top of the rivet head 5| and the inner shoulder of the engagement portion 54 of the rivet stem 53. The adjacent outer ends oi the pressure sleeve 43 and of the pulling bar 46, as well as the pressure head 41 and the engagement or pulling head 48 are provided with aligned slots 56 at one side for the side wise insertion of the rivet assembly into the riveting tool. The slots 56 in the pressure head 48 are just wide enough to accommodate the portion of the former stem 53 between the rivet head 5| and the engagement portion 54. In this manner the rivet assembly is held so that its component parts are received and carried in a uniform predetermined initial relation to each other and are inserted into the rivet hole in uniform relative position.

The pulling bar 46 has a hollow portion immediately adjacent the pulling head 48 which is formed by cutting through the bar so as'to provide an open passage 61 through the pulling bar 46. The outer sleeve 43 has an opening 66 opposite the slots 56 and in registry with the pasbroken parts of the rivet assembly,

sage 51 so that can be dropped out of the tool. A transverse guide 59 extends across the sleeve 43 and through the passage 51 of the pulling bar 46 so asto limit the outward travel of the pulling bar 46 and guide the broken rivet parts out of the passage 51. The pulling bar has a reduced inner end 6| into the end of which is threadedly secured a connecting rod 62 which latter in turn is slidable throughthe hole 44 in the riveting endwall 23of the cyl in'der I8. The connecting rod62 has oppositely extended cylindrical lugs notches 3| in the upper end of the bell crank frame 24. A coil spring 64 in the sleeve 43 positioned around the inner end 6| of the pulling bar 46 urges the pulling bar 46 to its initial rivet receiving position and also assists in returning the bell crank frame 24 into its initial position during the return stroke of the piston I9 of the riveting apparatus. During the power stroke of the I piston I9 the connectingvrod 6| is pulled in.- wardly of the cylindfl |8 and pulls the pulling bar46 therewith so that the pulling head 48 pulls the former stem of the rivet and forces the tall former 5.2 into and against the rivet tail and thereby forms to be secured place. In some instances together and fastens the rivet in pressed against the rivet head 41 and in the pulling a 63 which engage the g V the rivet tail against the objects the former stem breaks extend at a suitable angle for the convenient handling of the riveting gun. Inside this casing '66 is held a valveblock 61 which has a chamber 88 therein. To one end of this chamber 68 is connected the conduit 20 leading to the cylinder port 22. In the other end of the chamber 88 is an intake valve 69 which in this instance is the usual type pneumatic valve actuated by a pin ll extended through the opposite end of the block 61. A preferably flexible intake conduit 12 leads to the intake valve 69. A vent valve 13 is provided in the chamber 68. This vent valve 13 is also of the usual type pneumatic valve. A rectangular yoke 14 is slidably held in suitable grooves on the valveblock 61 and is provided at its opposite ends with abutments 16 respectively aligned with the actuator pin ll of the intake valve 69, and with the similar pin of the vent valve 73 so as to act on the respective valves in opposite directions. A compression spring 11 on the valve block 61 bears against the yoke 14 so as to urge it normally upward as seen in Figures -1 and'2 that position wherein the intake valve H is closed and the vent valve 13 is open as shown in Fig. l. The yoke 14 is moved downwardly by a substantially U shaped lever 78 guided in grooves in the sides of the valve block 61 at right angles to the yoke 14 so that the ends of the lever 18 engage the inclined sides 19 of cam recesses 8| and push them downwardly against the action of said yoke spring I1. The lever 18 is resiliently maintained in its withdrawn position by a suitable leaf spring 82. The valve mechanism is actuated by means of a movable cover 83. This cover 83 covers the open side of the casing 66 and is pivoted at 84 on the lower side portions of the casing 66. The end 86 of the cover 83 is arcuate and has a slot 81 therein for slidable engagement with a set screw 88. A boss 89 on the inside face of the cover 83 bears against the top of the lever 18.

As the gun handle casing 66 is gripped the riveting gun is operated by pressing the cover 83 so as to move the lever 78 against the wedge sides 19 of the recesses 8| thereby to move the yoke l4 downwardly so as to open the intake valve 69 and to allow the vent valve 13 to close. The fluid or air under pressure passes through the so as to form a comparatively narrow longitu dinal unit. The riveting head or tool I3 is mounted on the riveting end 23 .of the cylinder 18 so as to extend at right angles to the axis of the cylinder I8. An opening 9| in the riveting end 23 of the cylinder I8 is large enough to accommodate the rocking of the outer end, 92 of the bell crank frame 93 around its f lcrum N.

In this form the fulcrum 93 is above the axis of reciprocation of the wedge-like projection 34. The inner end of the bell crank frame 83 has the oscillating roller 29 therein in contact with the tapering wedge edge 31 of the projection 34 for the converting of the piston reciprocation in the manner heretofore described in connection with the first embodiment of this invention. In the bracket or guide 96 are parallel guide rollers 91 for holding the wedge-like projection 34 against upward tilting. In other respects the riveting apparatus of both forms operate similarly.

In riveting operations the rivet assembly is fed into the riveting tool or head I and is carried by the gun into riveting position and into the rivet hole. Then the handle cover is pressed and the piston I9 is moved toward the riveting end of the cylinder. This movement of the piston i9 is converted by said wedge and bell crank action into a pulling force on the pulling elements of the riveting head Is for pulling the tail former and forming the rivet tail into fastening position. The riveting operations are thus quickly and eiiiciently performed with uniformity even where the space for the riveting operation is limited.

I claim:

1. In an apparatus for setting rivet assemblies of a type including a tubular rivet element and a member extending therethrough for forming the rivet tail when pulled axially relatively to said rivet element, power operated means for engaging and pulling said member through the tubular rivet element, a casing, means on the casing for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the tubular rivet element as it is held against the structure being riveted, a piston working in the casing, a fulcrumed frame between the piston and the pulling member, an

I end of the frame on one side of the fulcrum enchamber 68 of the valve block 61 and through the operates the transmission and the rivet head or 7 tool l6 as heretofore described. After the riveting operation the handle cover 83 is released allowing the actions of the springs 82 and I! to return respectively the lever 18 and the yoke 14 to their initial positions, in which position the intake valve 69 is closed and the vent valve 13 is open. The air or fluid escapes from the path of the returning piston l9 through the vent valve 13.

In the modified embodiment of my device, shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9, thecylinder 18, the piston l9 and the valves in the handle or grip mechanism I! operate similarly to the operation of the first embodiment heretofore described. However this modified embodiment is particularly adapted for use where the space near the riveting point is limited and a side wise application of the riveting apparatus is necessary. For this purpose the handle or grip I1 is mounted on the intake end of the cylinder is gaging said pulling member for moving said pulling member, a projection extended from the piston to said frame, said projection having an inclined edge, means on the frame on the other side. of the fulcrum contacting'the inclined side of said projection so as to turn the frame around its fulcrum to pull said pulling member when the projection is moved by the power stroke of the piston and a stationary guide to back the projection against the force exerted on its inclined edge.

2. A riveting apparatus for a hollow rivet having a former stem extending therethrough, comprising a cylinder, a piston working in the cylinder, a riveting tool extended from the outside of said cylinder, said riveting tool including a member projecting beyond said cylinder to apply a reactive force on the hollow rivet, a movable element in said member adapted to engage said former stem so as to pull said former stern oppositely to said reactive force for forming the tail of said rivet, an oscillating frame in said cylinder, an end of said oscillating frame being connected to said movable element formoving the same oppositely to the direction of the strokes of said piston, a projection extended fromthe piston to the other end of said oscillating frame,

3. A power transmitting mechanism between,

a piston working in a cylinder and a pulling member of a riveting tool for pulling a tail forming member in a tubular rivet in a structure to be riveted, comprising a fulcrumed frame between the piston and said pulling member, said frame being connected for operating said pulling member, a stationary backing member adjacent said fulcrumed member, and means reciprocated bythe piston for alternately forcing one end of said frame around its fulcrum away from said backing member and permitting said frame to return toward said backing member during, the reciprocation of said piston respectively dur-- ing the strokes of the piston toward and away from said riveting tool so as to pull said pulling member of the riveting tool during the first or said strokes'of said piston.

a. A power transmitting device of the character described, comprising a cylinder, a piston working in the cylinder, power applying means extended to the outside of the cylinder, said power applying means including a reciprocating element offset from the axis of the cylinder, a bell-crank member fulcrumed in the cylinder so that one end thereof engages said reciprocating element and theother extends adjacent the axis of the cylinder, a rigid wedge extended axially from the piston, means on the bell-crank end adjacent the cylinder axis on which an inclined edge of the wedge rides when moved by the piston so as to move the bell-crank around its fulcrum so as to move said reciprocating element of the power applying means, and a stationary backing member engaging the edge of the wedge opposite said inclined edge, said bellcrank being so formed that the rocking force applied by'the wedge is at an angle to the direcv tion of the piston movement.

5. A power transmitting mechanism between a piston working in a cylinder and a pulling member of a riveting tool adapted to pull a tailforming element through a tubular rivet in a structure tobe riveted, comprising a fulcrumed frame between the piston and said pulling mem- 6. A riveting apparatus comprising a riveting tool for pulling a tail forming member through a hollow rivet so as to fasten the rivet; a mech anism for transmitting power to the pulling member of saidriveting tool, including an oscillating frame fulcrumed between its ends, means to connect one end of the frame to said pulling member, a backing element at the other end of the frame, a wedge 'member movable between said backing element and the adjacent end of the frame for moving said frame in one direction, and means to reciprocate said wedge member at will.

CARL W. CHERRY. 

